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 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 8:24 AM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

I'm not sure there have been any tunes written in the last few decades that will become a part of the so-called "Great American Songbook," as defined largely by Frank Sinatra and his amazing Capitol albums of Porter, Kern, Rodgers and Hart, etc. So, (relatively) younger composers are at a disadvantage here.

Still, it's interesting when you look at film composers who were working at any point through the 1970s, and see who did and did not compose what would typically be called "standards." Mancini gave us "Moon River" and "Days of Wine and Roses." Legrand gave us too many to list, although I think of him more as a composer/arranger who also did film work than as a "film composer" per se. It is further interesting that a film composer with little name recognition outside of film score circles - Bronislau Kaper - wrote two: "On Green Dolphin Street" and "Invitation."

When I listen to Herrmann's "Scene de Amour" from "Vertigo" or the finale from "Fahrenheit 451," I always wonder what a Herrmann pop standard may have sounded like.

Among composers who worked in the 1960s during Mancini's peak, it's interesting that neither Goldsmith, Q, Lalo or Williams gave us a standard. Although Lalo's "Mission Impossible" theme is a widely-recognized instrumental, of course.

I may have overlooked something obvious with the aforementioned composers. Correct me if I'm wrong.

Virtually all film composers will fall into one camp or the other.

Not sure where I'm going with this or what my point is, it's just an interesting observation.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 8:32 AM   
 By:   Thor   (Member)

I'm not really sure what you're talking about here, though.

Are you talking about film composers who are also working in jazz or pop? Are you talking about song hits that were composed OUTSIDE films by these composers? Or song hits that were composed WITHIN them? Songs that could match other standards at the time?

Just trying to find the essence of what you're saying.

Of course, if you mean "hit songs" from films by film composers, there have been plenty of those in the last 30 years too. It's not something that ended in 1970. Quite the contrary.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 8:54 AM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

I'm not really sure what you're talking about here, though.

Are you talking about film composers who are also working in jazz or pop? Are you talking about song hits that were composed OUTSIDE films by these composers? Or song hits that were composed WITHIN them? Songs that could match other standards at the time?



Any of the above. But I'm making a distinction between a "Great American Songbook Standard," as defined by Porter, Kern, Rodgers & Hart, etc. and simply a "hit." That was why I said at the outset that composers over the past 30 years or more couldn't really get access to that that club. Composers working through the 1960s and maybe early 70s fit into the last period of that timeframe.

I just find it interesting that some did and did not write what became "standards." There must be an elusive quality.

 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:17 AM   
 By:   T.J. Turner   (Member)

How I understand it, a standard is when a composer composes a theme that is so popular that it get performed by many other musicians through many different genres of music (though mostly Jazz).
For example if you search Green Dolphin Street by Bronislau Kaper at allmusic.com you'll see its been performed 185 different times by different Jazz artist, even being adapted into a few pop songs.

This sorta of thing doesn't happen these days. I think one reason is that themes back then, were hum-able, and one could even add lyrics to them, but these days most themes are too short and usually are darker in tone. It would be impossible to make a decent song or Jazz arrangement out of them, that would be appealing to the majority.
Maybe James Horner might get away with one someday.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:29 AM   
 By:   eriknelson   (Member)

My theory is that, during the 1960s, Broadway show tunes and Hollywood songs generally retreated from the Top 40. As a result, it became increasingly difficult for a theatre and film composer to obtain sufficient public exposure for their music to attain "standard" status.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:30 AM   
 By:   Graham S. Watt   (Member)

Would David Raksin's LAURA fit the bill?

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:31 AM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

Would David Raksin's LAURA fit the bill?

Yes.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:32 AM   
 By:   eriknelson   (Member)

Would David Raksin's LAURA fit the bill?

Or Alex North's UNCHAINED MELODY?

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:32 AM   
 By:   Graham S. Watt   (Member)

Not very recent, Graham.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:32 AM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

My theory is that, during the 1960s, Broadway show tunes and Hollywood songs generally retreated from the Top 40. As a result, it became increasingly difficult for a theatre and film composer to obtain sufficient public exposure for their music to attain "standard" status.

That is certainly a part of it.

Because of a number of technological, sociological and artistic factors, I'm not sure it's possible to compose a "standard" anymore.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:42 AM   
 By:   Thor   (Member)

How I understand it, a standard is when a composer composes a theme that is so popular that it get performed by many other musicians through many different genres of music (though mostly Jazz).

Well, if that's the definition, there are definite contenders in the last three decades too. Faltermeyer's "Axel F", Horner's "My Heart Will Go On", Elton John's "Circle of Life" and so on have all been MAJOR hits in the public and also performed and remixed in various genres of music. Perhaps not that much jazz, though (that I'm aware of). But I'm guessing it has a somewhat more specific meaning, related to the "crooner" style of the past.

 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 9:43 AM   
 By:   Ebab   (Member)

One of the few newer film songs that I would call part of the Great American Songbook (originally sung by Jevetta Steele, and re-recorded by Patti Austin, Céline Dion, Natalie Cole, Etta James, Barbra Streisand, among others), is Bob Telson’s “Calling You” from “Out of Rosenheim” (titled “Bagdad Café” in the U.S.).

Stephen Sondheim’s songs for “Dick Tracy”, in particular “Sooner or Later” should be regarded as part of the GAS, too.

… er … and that’s everything that I can think of right now. :-O There are few enough newer entries, and even less originate from the movies.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 10:00 AM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

Thanks all for your input.

I don't want to limit the discussion, but I was really referring to film composers working in the "Great American Songbook" era, and who, for whatever reason, did or did not write standards. I think it's interesting to see who made the list and who did not.

 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 10:13 AM   
 By:   Ebab   (Member)

Thanks all for your input.

I don't want to limit the discussion, but I was really referring to film composers working in the "Great American Songbook" era, and who, for whatever reason, did or did not write standards.


Ah, now I get it. Thanks for the clarification.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 10:26 AM   
 By:   The CinemaScope Cat   (Member)

Victor Young should definitely be mentioned in this category. His Stella By Starlight from THE UNINIVITED and Love Letters from LOVE LETTERS were both hits and continued to be covered by most pop singers and cabaret artists of the 50s, 60s and 70s.

 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 10:36 AM   
 By:   T.J. Turner   (Member)

How I understand it, a standard is when a composer composes a theme that is so popular that it get performed by many other musicians through many different genres of music (though mostly Jazz).

Well, if that's the definition, there are definite contenders in the last three decades too. Faltermeyer's "Axel F", Horner's "My Heart Will Go On", Elton John's "Circle of Life" and so on have all been MAJOR hits in the public and also performed and remixed in various genres of music. Perhaps not that much jazz, though (that I'm aware of). But I'm guessing it has a somewhat more specific meaning, related to the "crooner" style of the past.


I think those are more Covers rather than Standards. But I admit I'm not an expert on these terms.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 11:18 AM   
 By:   Tall Guy   (Member)

Does Michel Legrand make it into the "Great American Songbook"? Ignoring the American aspect, because I don't know enough about its parameters, there are plenty of composers who have composed "pop or jazz standards".

Horner has to qualify with the Titanic song.

John Barry is up there with several Bond songs.

Morricone has European standards to his name - such as Se Telefonando.

If you don't mind me saying so - I think the reason Herrmann doesn't have one to his name is that the idea of populism just wasn't his cup of tea, and the reason that Goldsmith doesn't may be down to him not being a sufficiently strong melodicist.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 11:38 AM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

Does Michel Legrand make it into the "Great American Songbook"? Ignoring the American aspect, because I don't know enough about its parameters, there are plenty of composers who have composed "pop or jazz standards".

Horner has to qualify with the Titanic song.

John Barry is up there with several Bond songs.

Morricone has European standards to his name - such as Se Telefonando.

If you don't mind me saying so - I think the reason Herrmann doesn't have one to his name is that the idea of populism just wasn't his cup of tea, and the reason that Goldsmith doesn't may be down to him not being a sufficiently strong melodicist.


Legrand certainly makes the "standards" category. While not being from the US, many of his songs in the US are as well known as the so-called "Great American Songbook," so I give him honorary membership. Plus, the English lyrics are written by Americans, usually the Bergmans.

Not sure the Titanic song would qualify. If, for example, a singer was going to do this song with a pickup band, she would need to provide lead sheets. If she said she was doing "Moon River" or "Days of Wine and Roses," she would only need to provide the key.

Partially agree about Barry in the "standards" category.

The only Morricone songs (with lyrics) that got recorded much in the US during the period described were "Funny World" and "Hurry to Me." That I can think of at least.

Understand about Herrmann. But he could have done it if he wanted to - at least some of his themes are melodic and utilize fairly conventional bar structures.

 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 12:10 PM   
 By:   Mark Ford   (Member)

"The Great American Songbook" seems to have generated some different meanings over the years, but in its most basic & original definition it refers primarily to songs written for American/Broadway/Hollywood musicals and theater during their heyday. These songs made their way into popular musical culture through pop singers and jazz artists primarily. As most were written by composers and lyricists of the musical theater, it's easy to see why you don't see songs composed primarily by film composers for a non-musical film being labeled as part of the TGAS. The songs they wrote that became popular and have been covered by artists outside of their films are generally considered "standards" after an appropriate amount of time with significant coverage by other artists. TGAS songs are definitely standards too, just from a very specific background comprising a special genre of songs. In the end with the evolution of these definitions it can get blurred a bit and there are a number of "crossover" songs included in the TGAS.

It's easy to see why not many songs composed by film composers become standards since the amount of songs they write during their careers is rather minimal compared to musical theater composers and others who are primarily song writers. The popularity of musicals dropped so precipitously in the 60s and beyond so that they had little influence in producing songs that were heard by enough people to prompt a demand for versions outside of their origins, whether from the screen or stage, and making it as popular music like before.

Song writing is also a very different animal requiring skills and sensibilities that can be very different than that of film composition. I think many times when a film composer strikes it big with a song it may be born more out of luck, having as much to do with the popularity of the film the song came from or how it struck a special chord in viewers watching the film. That's not to say there aren't film composers who can write great songs or who have had success in that area, but it certainly doesn't seem to be the norm these days.

 
 
 Posted:   Jun 20, 2010 - 12:33 PM   
 By:   OnyaBirri   (Member)

Great post Mark. I agree with virtually all of it. Still, I think it's curious that some film composers managed to write at least one famous standard while their equally gifted contemporaries did not.

 
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